未定义的参考`
我正在尝试使用f2py编译一个Fortran 90文件，以便在Python模块中使用。 该文件由两个子例程组成。 我可以在命令窗口中使用gfortran ljlib3.f90来编译文件，但是在尝试使用f2py编译子例程时出现错误。
我在Win 10（Python 2.7.10）和Mingw-w64（全部正确安装）上使用Python（x，y）。 这很困难，因为这是来自教程的其他人的代码，在我的情况下，直到编译结束（与教程比较时）结束时，所有代码都可以正常工作。
这里是文件ljlib3.f90中的子例程：
subroutine EnergyForces(Pos, L, rc, PEnergy, Forces, Dim, NAtom)
implicit none
integer, intent(in) :: Dim, NAtom
real(8), intent(in), dimension(0:NAtom-1, 0:Dim-1) :: Pos
real(8), intent(in) :: L, rc
real(8), intent(out) :: PEnergy
real(8), intent(inout), dimension(0:NAtom-1, 0:Dim-1) :: Forces
!f2py intent(in,out) :: Forces
real(8), dimension(Dim) :: rij, Fij, Posi
real(8) :: d2, id2, id6, id12
real(8) :: rc2, Shift
integer :: i, j
PEnergy = 0.
Forces = 0.
Shift = -4. * (rc**(-12) - rc**(-6))
rc2 = rc * rc
do i = 0, NAtom - 1
!store Pos(i,:) in a temporary array for faster access in j loop
Posi = Pos(i,:)
do j = i + 1, NAtom - 1
rij = Pos(j,:) - Posi
rij = rij - L * dnint(rij / L)
!compute only the squared distance and compare to squared cut
d2 = sum(rij * rij)
if (d2 > rc2) then
cycle
end if
id2 = 1. / d2 !inverse squared distance
id6 = id2 * id2 * id2 !inverse sixth distance
id12 = id6 * id6 !inverse twelvth distance
PEnergy = PEnergy + 4. * (id12 - id6) + Shift
Fij = rij * ((-48. * id12 + 24. * id6) * id2)
Forces(i,:) = Forces(i,:) + Fij
Forces(j,:) = Forces(j,:) - Fij
enddo
enddo
end subroutine
subroutine VVIntegrate(Pos, Vel, Accel, L, CutSq, dt, KEnergy, PEnergy, Dim,
NAtom)
implicit none
integer, intent(in) :: Dim, NAtom
real(8), intent(in) :: L, CutSq, dt
real(8), intent(inout), dimension(0:NAtom-1, 0:Dim-1) :: Pos, Vel, Accel
!f2py intent(in,out) :: Pos, Vel, Accel
real(8), intent(out) :: KEnergy, PEnergy
external :: EnergyForces
Pos = Pos + dt * Vel + 0.5 * dt*dt * Accel
Vel = Vel + 0.5 * dt * Accel
call EnergyForces(Pos, L, CutSq, PEnergy, Accel, Dim, NAtom)
Vel = Vel + 0.5 * dt * Accel
KEnergy = 0.5 * sum(Vel*Vel)
end subroutine
注意!f2py intent(in,out)...指令也用于子例程。
在使用f2py命令之后：
f2py -c -m ljlib ljlib3.f90 --fcompiler=gnu95 compiler=mingw32
出现以下错误：
C:Program_Filesmingw-w64x86_64-7.2.0-posix-sjlj-rt_v5-
rev1mingw64bingfortran.exe -Wall -g -Wall -g -shared
c:userspc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcReleaseusers
pc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcsrc.win32-2.7ljlibmodule.o
c:userspc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcReleaseusers
pc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcsrc.win32-2.7fortranobject.o
c:userspc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcReleaseljlib3.o -
LC:Program_Filesmingw-w64x86_64-7.2.0-posix-sjlj-rt_v5-
rev1mingw64libgccx86_64-w64-mingw327.2.0 -LC:Python27libs -
LC:Python27PCbuild -lpython27 -lgfortran -o .ljlib.pyd
c:userspc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcReleaseusers
pc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcsrc.win32-
2.7ljlibmodule.o:ljlibmodule.c:(.text+0x1a): undefined reference to
`__imp_PyFloat_Type'
c:userspc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcReleaseusers
pc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcsrc.win32-
2.7ljlibmodule.o:ljlibmodule.c:(.text+0x26): undefined reference to
`__imp_PyType_IsSubtype'
c:userspc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcReleaseusers
pc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcsrc.win32-
2.7ljlibmodule.o:ljlibmodule.c:(.text+0x55): undefined reference to
`__imp_PyNumber_Float' ...
error: Command "C:Program_Filesmingw-w64x86_64-7.2.0-posix-sjlj-rt_v5-
rev1mingw64bingfortran.exe -Wall -g -Wall -g -shared
c:userspc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcReleaseusers
pc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcsrc.win32-2.7ljlibmodule.o
c:userspc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcReleaseusers
pc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcsrc.win32-2.7fortranobject.o
c:userspc2012appdatalocaltemptmp_pzjlcReleaseljlib3.o -
LC:Program_Filesmingw-w64x86_64-7.2.0-posix-sjlj-rt_v5-
rev1mingw64libgccx86_64-w64-mingw327.2.0 -LC:Python27libs -
LC:Python27PCbuild -lpython27 -lgfortran -o .ljlib.pyd" failed with exit
status 1
许多undefined reference to ....“`后出现错误。 我想这是一个PATH问题，但我不确定。