revert to branches after failed merge?

I have two branches, the head of each is at the respective last commit. If I merge the two, and there are conflicts I can't resolve (I am new to Git), can I simply checkout the last commits before the merge and have another go at it or attempt another strategy?

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It seems to me you simply want to abort the merge. The modern way to do this is:

git merge --abort

And the slightly older way:

git reset --merge

The old-school way would be (warning: will discard all your local changes):

git reset --hard

It's worth noticing that git merge --abort is only equivalent to git reset --merge given that MERGE_HEAD is present. This can be read in the git help for merge command.

git merge --abort is equivalent to git reset --merge when MERGE_HEAD is present.

After a failed merge, when there is no MERGE_HEAD , the failed merge can be undone with git reset --merge but not necessarily with git merge --abort . This is why i find git reset --merge to be much more useful in everyday work.

In your case, any of the alternatives will work as you don't have a failed merge but just an ongoing merge you want to abort.

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