Best XML parser for Java

 

I need to read smallish (few MB at the most, UTF-8 encoded) XML files, rummage around looking at various elements and attributes, perhaps modify a few and write the XML back out again to disk (preferably with nice, indented formatting).

What would be the best XML parser for my needs? There are lots to choose from. Some I'm aware of are:

  • JDOM
  • Woodstox
  • XOM
  • dom4j
  • VTD-XML
  • Xerces-J
  • Crimson

    • And of course the one in the JDK (I'm using Java 6). I'm familiar with Xerces but find it clunky.

    Recommendations?

    If speed and memory is no problem, dom4j is a really good option. If you need speed, using a StAX parser like Woodstox is the right way, but you have to write more code to get things done and you have to get used to process XML in streams.

    I think you should not consider any specific parser implementation. Java API for XML Processing lets you use any conforming parser implementation in a standard way. The code should be much more portable, and when you realise that a specific parser has grown too old, you can replace it with another without changing a line of your code (if you do it correctly).

    Basically there are three ways of handling XML in a standard way:

  • SAX This is the simplest API. You read the XML by defining a Handler class that receives the data inside elements/attributes when the XML gets processed in a serial way. It is faster and simpler if you only plan to read some attributes/elements and/or write some values back (your case).
  • DOM This method creates an object tree which lets you modify/access it randomly so it is better for complex XML manipulation and handling.
  • StAX This is in the middle of the path between SAX and DOM. You just write code to pull the data from the parser you are interested in when it is processed.

    • Forget about proprietary APIs such as JDOM or Apache ones (ie Apache Xerces XMLSerializer) because will tie you to a specific implementation that can evolve in time or lose backwards compatibility, which will make you change your code in the future when you want to upgrade to a new version of JDOM or whatever parser you use. If you stick to Java standard API (using factories and interfaces) your code will be much more modular and maintainable.

    There is no need to say that all (I haven't checked all, but I'm almost sure) of the parsers proposed comply with a JAXP implementation so technically you can use all, no matter which.

    Here is a nice comparision on DOM, SAX, StAX & TrAX (Source: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E17802_01/webservices/webservices/docs/1.6/tutorial/doc/SJSXP2.html )

    Feature StAX SAX DOM TrAX

    API Type Pull,streaming Push,streaming In memory tree XSLT Rule

    Ease of Use High Medium High Medium

    XPath Capability No No Yes Yes

    CPU & Memory Good Good Varies Varies

    Forward Only Yes Yes No No

    Read XML Yes Yes Yes Yes

    Write XML Yes No Yes Yes

    CRUD No No Yes No

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