How to import a module given the full path?
How can I load a Python module given its full path? Note that the file can be anywhere in the filesystem, as it is a configuration option.
For Python 3.5+ use:
import importlib.util
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("module.name", "/path/to/file.py")
foo = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
spec.loader.exec_module(foo)
foo.MyClass()
For Python 3.3 and 3.4 use:
from importlib.machinery import SourceFileLoader
foo = SourceFileLoader("module.name", "/path/to/file.py").load_module()
foo.MyClass()
(Although this has been deprecated in Python 3.4.)
Python 2 use:
import imp
foo = imp.load_source('module.name', '/path/to/file.py')
foo.MyClass()
There are equivalent convenience functions for compiled Python files and DLLs.
See also. http://bugs.python.org/issue21436.
The advantage of adding a path to sys.path (over using imp) is that it simplifies things when importing more than one module from a single package. For example:
import sys
# the mock-0.3.1 dir contains testcase.py, testutils.py & mock.py
sys.path.append('/foo/bar/mock-0.3.1')
from testcase import TestCase
from testutils import RunTests
from mock import Mock, sentinel, patch
You can also do something like this and add the directory that the configuration file is sitting in to the Python load path, and then just do a normal import, assuming you know the name of the file in advance, in this case "config".
Messy, but it works.
configfile = '~/config.py'
import os
import sys
sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.expanduser(configfile)))
import config
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