cp command should ignore some files

 

Sometimes I need to perform following command 

cp -rv demo demo_bkp

However I want to ignore all the files in directory .git . How do I achieve that? It takes a long time to copy .git files and I do not need those files.

To ignore a git directory specifically, I'd try git export first.

But in general, to copy a directory tree excluding certain files or folders, I'd recommend using rsync instead of cp . The syntax is mostly the same, but rsync has way more options, including one to exclude selected files: 

rsync -rv --exclude=.git demo demo_bkp

See eg the man page for more info.

OK. Brace yourself. This isn't pretty. 

find demo -depth -name .git -prune -o -print0 | cpio -0pdv --quiet demo_bkp

What's going on here?

  • find demo | cpio -p demo_bkp find demo | cpio -p demo_bkp finds files matching whatever criteria you want and uses cpio to copy them (so-called "pass-through" mode).

  • find -depth changes the order the files are printed in to match the order cpio wants.

  • find -name .git -prune tells find not to recurse down .git directories.

  • find -print0 | cpio -0 find -print0 | cpio -0 has find use NUL characters ( ) to separate file names. This is for maximum robustness in case there are any weirdly-named files with spaces, newlines, or other unusual characters.

  • cpio -d creates directories as needed.

  • cpio -v --quiet prints each file name while omitting the "X blocks copied" message cpio normally prints at the end.

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